Konstrukcja zdania twierdzącego

osoba + have/has + III forma czasownika

I have worked.
You have worked.
He/she/it has worked.
We have worked.
You have worked.
They have worked.

osoba + czasownik w Past Simple

I worked.
You worked.
He/she/it worked.
We worked.
You worked.
They worked.

Konstrukcja przeczenia

osoba + have/has + not + III forma czasownika

I have not worked.
You have not worked.
He/she/it has not worked.
We have not worked.
You have not worked.
They have not worked.

have not = haven’t
has not = hasn’t

osoba + did + not + bezokolicznik

I did not work.
You did not work.
He/she/it did not work.
We did not work.
You did not work.
They did not work.

did not = didn’t

Konstrukcja pytania

Have/has + osoba + III forma czasownika

Have I worked?
Have you worked?
Has he/she/it worked?
Have we worked?
Have you worked?
Have they worked?

Did + osoba + bezokolicznik

Did I work?
Did you work?
Did he/she/it work?
Did we work?
Did you work?
Did they work?

Użycie

+ dopiero co zakończona czynność

• I’ve just been to the movies.
• We have just painted our apartment.

+ zakończona jednorazowa czynność w przeszłości

• I went to the movies last week.
• We painted our apartment last month.

+ czynność rozpoczęta w przeszłości, której skutki widać w teraźniejszości

• I’ve eaten pizza for lunch today and now I’m full.
• She has broken her thumb.

+ czynność która miała miejsce w przeszłości i zakończyła się w przeszłości

• I ate pizza for lunch yesterday.
• She broke her thumb last year.

+ regularna czynność powtarzająca się od przeszłości do teraz w nieokreślonych odstępach czasu

• He has played tennis several times.
• We have watched this movie a lot of times.

+ regularna czynność wykonywana w przeszłości

• He played tennis twice a week when he was in school.
• We watched this movie every Christmas when we were children.

+ przeszła czynność o niesprecyzowanym czasie

• I have lost my keys.
• There has been a break-in in my apartment building.

+ narracja dotycząca przeszłości

• Last night she made dinner.
• Alice witnessed an accident and quickly called an ambulance.

+ czynność trwająca w niezakończonym jeszcze okresie

• They have worked overtime a lot this week.
• She has spent a lot of money today.

+ pokazanie sekwencji wydarzeń w przeszłości

• I left for work at 7 a.m. and then I remembered that I forgot my keys.
• After work she went to the gym.

+ doświadczenia

• Adam has been to Greece.
• She has worked in a restaurant before.

+ krótsza czynność z dwóch czynności w przeszłości

• I answered a call while we were watching a movie.
• His wife was sleeping when he came back home from work.

Charakterystyczne słowa i wyrażenia

• Have you ever been to Australia?
• I’ve already seen this movie twice.
• She’s been in France since 2018.

• At first I was ready to go, but then I changed my mind.
• She was in Hawaii last week.
• Yesterday, I was late to work.