Czasowniki nieregularne: wstęp
Czasowniki nieregularne (irregular verbs) to takie czasowniki, które nie tworzą form czasu przeszłego z końcówką -ed. Niestety, trzeba je po prostu zapamiętać. Poniżej, tabela z zestawieniem czasowników w języku angielskim wraz z formą podstawową, drugą formą (past tense) oraz trzecią formą (past participle). Przedstawione czasowniki nieregularne są posortowane alfabetycznie.
Czasowniki nieregularne: wyszukiwanie
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Czasowniki nieregularne: tabela
| I forma (infinitive) |
II forma (past tense) |
III forma (past participle) |
Znaczenie |
|---|---|---|---|
A |
|||
| abide [əˈbaɪd] | abode [əˈboʊd] | abode [əˈboʊd] | przebywać |
| arise [əˈraɪz] | arose [əˈroʊz] | arisen [əˈrɪzən] | nadarzać się |
| awake [əˈweɪk] | awoke [əˈwoʊk] | awoken [əˈwoʊkən] | budzić się |
B |
|||
| be [bi:] | was, were [wəz], [wər] | been [bɪn] | być |
| bear [ber] | bore[bɔːr] | borne [bɔːrn] | znosić coś |
| beat [biːt] | beat [biːt] | beaten [ˈbiːtn] | bić, pobić kogoś (wygrać) |
| become [bɪˈkʌm] | became [bɪˈkeɪm] | become [bɪˈkʌm] | stawać się |
| befall [bɪˈfɒːl] | befell [bɪˈfel] | befallen [bɪˈfɒːlən] | przytrafiać się |
| begin [bɪˈɡɪn] | began [bɪˈɡæn] | begun [bɪˈɡʌn] | zaczynać |
| behold [bɪˈhoʊld] | beheld [bɪˈheld] | beheld [bɪˈheld] | ujrzeć, spostrzec |
| bend [bend] | bent [bent] | bent [bent] | zginać |
| beseech [bɪˈsiːtʃ] | besought [bɪˈsɒːt] | besought [bɪˈsɒːt] | błagać |
| beset [bɪˈset] | beset [bɪˈset] | beset [bɪˈset] | osaczać, dręczyć |
| bespeak [bɪˈspiːk] | bespoke [bɪˈspoʊk] | bespoken [bɪˈspoʊkən] | zamówić, być dowodem na |
| bet [bet] | bet [bet] | bet [bet] | zakładać się |
| bid [bɪd] | bid [bɪd] | bid [bɪd] | licytować, kazać |
| bind [baɪnd] | bound [baʊnd] | bound [baʊnd] | związywać |
| bite [baɪt] | bit [bɪt] | bitten [ˈbɪtn] | gryźć |
| bleed [bliːd] | bled [bled] | bled [bled] | krwawić |
| blow [bloʊ] | blew [bluː] | blown [bloʊn] | dmuchać |
| break [breɪk] | broke [broʊk] | broken [ˈbroʊkən] | połamać |
| breed [briːd] | bred [bred] | bred [bred] | hodować |
| bring [brɪŋ] | brought [brɒːt] | brought [brɒːt] | przynosić |
| broadcast [ˈbrɒːdkæst] | broadcast [ˈbrɒːdkæst] | broadcast [ˈbrɒːdkæst] | transmitować |
| build [bɪld] | built [bɪlt] | built [bɪlt] | budować |
| burn [bɜːrn] | burnt [bɜːrnt] | burnt [bɜːrnt] | palić, parzyć |
| burst [bɜːrst] | burst [bɜːrst] | burst [bɜːrst] | pękać |
| buy [baɪ] | bought [bɒːt] | bought [bɒːt] | kupować |
C |
|||
| catch [kætʃ] | caught [kɒːt] | caught [kɒːt] | łapać |
| cast [kæst] | cast [kæst] | cast [kæst] | rzucać |
| choose [tʃuːz] | chose [tʃoʊz] | chosen [ˈtʃoʊzən] | wybierać |
| cleave [kliːv] | clove [kloʊv] | cloven [kloʊvən] | rozłupywać |
| cling [klɪŋ] | clung [klʌŋ] | clung [klʌŋ] | uczepić się |
| come [kʌm] | came [keɪm] | come [kʌm] | przychodzić |
| cost [kɒːst] | cost [kɒːst] | cost [kɒːst] | kosztować |
| creep [kriːp] | crept [krept] | crept [krept] | skradać się |
| cut [kʌt] | cut [kʌt] | cut [kʌt] | ciąć |
D |
|||
| deal [diːl] | dealt [delt] | dealt [delt] | rozdawać |
| dig [dɪɡ] | dug [dʌɡ] | dug [dʌɡ] | kopać |
| do [duː] | did [dɪd] | done [dʌn] | robić |
| draw [drɒː] | drew [druː] | drawn [drɒːn] | rysować |
| dream [driːm] | dreamt (or dreamed) [dremt], [ˈdriːmd] |
dreamt (or dreamed) [dremt], [ˈdriːmd] |
śnić |
| drink [drɪŋk] | drank [dræŋk] | drunk [drʌŋk] | pić |
| drive [draɪv] | drove [droʊv] | driven [ˈdrɪvən] | prowadzić |
| dwell [dwel] | dwelt [dwelt] | dwelt [dwelt] | mieszkać |
E |
|||
| eat [iːt] | ate [eɪt] | eaten [ˈiːtn] | jeść |
F |
|||
| fall [fɒːl] | fell [fel] | fallen [ˈfɒːlən] | upadać |
| feed [fiːd] | fed [fed] | fed [fed] | karmić |
| feel [fiːl] | felt [felt] | felt [felt] | czuć |
| fight [faɪt] | fought [fɒːt] | fought [fɒːt] | walczyć |
| find [faɪnd] | found [faʊnd] | found [faʊnd] | znajdować |
| fit [fɪt] | fit [fɪt] | fit [fɪt] | pasować |
| flee [fliː] | fled [fled] | fled [fled] | uciekać |
| fling [flɪŋ] | flung [flʌŋ] | flung [flʌŋ] | ciskać |
| fly [flaɪ] | flew [fluː] | flown [floʊn] | latać |
| forbear [fərˈber] | forbore [fərˈbɔːr] | forborne [fərˈbɔːrn] | powstrzymywać się |
| forbid [fərˈbɪd] | forbade [fərˈbeɪd] | forbidden [fərˈbɪdn] | zabraniać |
| forecast [ˈfɔːrkæst] | forecast [ˈfɔːrkæst] | forecast [ˈfɔːrkæst] | prognozować |
| forget [fərˈɡet] | forgot [fərˈɡɑːt] | forgotten [fərˈɡɑːtn] | zapominać |
| forgive [fərˈɡɪv] | forgave [fərˈɡeɪv] | forgiven [fərˈɡɪvən] | wybaczać |
| forsake [fərˈseɪk] | forsook [fərˈsʊk] | forsaken [fərˈseɪkən] | porzucać |
| freeze [friːz] | froze [froʊz] | frozen [ˈfroʊzən] | zamarzać |
G |
|||
| get [ɡet] | got [ɡɑːt] | gotten (BrE got) [ˈɡɑːtn], [ɡɑːt] | dostawać |
| give [ɡɪv] | gave [ɡeɪv] | given [ˈɡɪvən] | dawać |
| go [ɡoʊ] | went [went] | gone [ɡɒːn] | iść |
| grind [ɡraɪnd] | ground [ɡraʊnd] | ground [ɡraʊnd] | mielić |
| grow [ɡroʊ] | grew [ɡruː] | grown [ɡroʊn] | rosnąć |
H |
|||
| hang [hæŋ] | hung [hʌŋ] | hung [hʌŋ] | wieszać |
| have [hæv] | had [hæd] | had [hæd] | mieć |
| hear [hɪr] | heard [hɜːrd] | heard [hɜːrd] | słyszeć |
| hew [hjuː] | hewed [hjuːd] | hewn [hjuːn] | rąbać |
| hide [haɪd] | hid [hɪd] | hidden [ˈhɪdn] | chować |
| hit [hɪt] | hit [hɪt] | hit [hɪt] | uderzać |
| hold [hoʊld] | held [held] | held [held] | trzymać |
| hurt [hɜːrt] | hurt [hɜːrt] | hurt [hɜːrt] | ranić |
K |
|||
| keep [kiːp] | kept [kept] | kept [kept] | trzymać |
| kneel [niːl] | knelt [nelt] | knelt [nelt] | klęczeć |
| knit [nɪt] | knit [nɪt] | knit [nɪt] | robić na drutach |
| know [noʊ] | knew [nuː] | known [noʊn] | wiedzieć |
L |
|||
| lay [leɪ] | laid [leɪd] | laid [leɪd] | kłaść |
| lead [liːd] | led [led] | led [led] | prowadzić |
| lean [liːn] | leaned (BrE leant) [liːnd], [lent] |
leaned (BrE leant) [liːnd], [lent] |
pochylać się |
| leap [liːp] | leaped (BrE leapt) [liːpt], [lept] |
leaped (BrE leapt) [liːpt], [lept] |
skakać |
| learn [lɜːrn] | learned (BrE learnt) [ˈlɜːrnɪd], [lɜːrnt] |
learned (BrE learnt) [ˈlɜːrnɪd], [lɜːrnt] |
uczyć się |
| leave [liːv] | left [left] | left [left] | wychodzić |
| lend [lend] | lent [lent] | lent [lent] | pożyczać |
| let [let] | let [let] | let [let] | pozwalać |
| lie [laɪ] | lay [leɪ] | lain [leɪn] | leżeć |
| light [laɪt] | lit [lɪt] | lit [lɪt] | zapalać |
| lose [luːz] | lost [lɒːst] | lost [lɒːst] | gubić |
M |
|||
| make [meɪk] | made [meɪd] | made [meɪd] | robić |
| mean [miːn] | meant [ment] | meant [ment] | znaczyć |
| meet [miːt] | met [met] | met [met] | spotykać |
| mistake [məˈsteɪk] | mistook [məˈstʊk] | mistaken [məˈsteɪkən] | mylić się |
| mow [moʊ] | mowed [moʊd] | mown [moʊd] | kosić |
P |
|||
| pay [peɪ] | paid [peɪd] | paid [peɪd] | płacić |
| plead [pliːd] | pled (BrE pleaded) [pled], [ˈplidəd] |
pled (BrE pleaded) [pled], [ˈplidəd] |
błagać |
| prove [pruːv] | proved [pruːvd] | proven [pruːvən] | udowadniać |
| put [pʊt] | put [pʊt] | put [pʊt] | kłaść |
Q |
|||
| quit [kwɪt] | quit [kwɪt] | quit [kwɪt] | zrezygnować |
R |
|||
| read [riːd] | read [red] | read [red] | czytać |
| rend [rend] | rent [rent] | rent [rent] | drzeć na kawałki |
| rid [rɪd] | rid [rɪd] | rid [rɪd] | uwalniać |
| ride [raɪd] | rode [roʊd] | ridden [ˈrɪdn] | jeździć |
| ring [rɪŋ] | rang [ræŋ] | rung [rʌŋ] | dzwonić |
| rise [raɪz] | rose [roʊz] | risen [ˈrɪzən] | powstawać |
| run [rʌn] | ran [ræn] | run [rʌn] | biegać |
S |
|||
| saw [sɒː] | sawed [sɒːd] | sawn [sɒːn] | piłować |
| say [seɪ] | said [sed] | said [sed] | mówić |
| see [siː] | saw [sɒː] | seen [siːn] | widzieć |
| seek [siːk] | sought [sɒːt] | sought [sɒːt] | szukać |
| sell [sel] | sold [soʊld] | sold [soʊld] | sprzedać |
| send [send] | sent [sent] | sent [sent] | wysyłać |
| set [set] | set [set] | set [set] | ustawiać |
| sew [soʊ] | sewed [soʊd] | sewn [soʊn] | szyć |
| shake [ʃeɪk] | shook [ʃʊk] | shaken [ˈʃeɪkən] | potrząsać |
| shear [ʃɪr] | sheared [ʃɪrd] | shorn [ʃɔːrn] | strzyc |
| shed [ʃed] | shed [ʃed] | shed [ʃed] | zrzucać, tracić |
| shine [ʃaɪn] | shone [ʃoʊn] | shone [ʃoʊn] | błyszczeć |
| shoot [ʃuːt] | shot [ʃɑːt] | shot [ʃɑːt] | strzelać |
| show [ʃoʊ] | showed [ʃoʊd] | shown [ʃoʊn] | pokazywać |
| shrink [ʃrɪŋk] | shrank [ʃræŋk] | shrunk [ʃrʌŋk] | kurczyć się |
| shut [ʃʌt] | shut [ʃʌt] | shut [ʃʌt] | zamykać |
| sing [sɪŋ] | sang [sæŋ] | sung [sʌŋ] | śpiewać |
| sink [sɪŋk] | sank [sæŋk] | sunk [sʌŋk] | tonąć |
| sit [sɪt] | sat [sæt] | sat [sæt] | siedzieć |
| slay [sleɪ] | slew [sluː] | slain [sleɪn] | zabijać |
| sleep [sliːp] | slept [slept] | slept [slept] | spać |
| slide [slaɪd] | slid [slɪd] | slid [slɪd] | ślizgać się |
| sling [slɪŋ] | slung [slʌŋ] | slung [slʌŋ] | podwiesić |
| slit [slɪt] | slit [slɪt] | slit [slɪt] | podrzynać |
| smite [smaɪt] | smote [smoʊt] | smitten [ˈsmɪtn] | uderzać |
| sow [soʊ] | sowed [soʊd] | sown [soʊn] | siać |
| speak [spiːk] | spoke [spoʊk] | spoken [ˈspoʊkən] | mówić |
| speed [spiːd] | sped [sped] | sped [sped] | pędzić |
| spend [spend] | spent [spent] | spent [spent] | wydawać |
| spin [spɪn] | spun [spʌn] | spun [spʌn] | obracać |
| spit [spɪt] | spit (BrE spat) [spɪt], [spæt] |
spit (BrE spat) [spɪt], [spæt] |
pluć |
| split [splɪt] | split [splɪt] | split [splɪt] | rozczepiać |
| spoil [spɔɪl] | spoiled (BrE spoilt) [spɔɪld], [spɔɪlt] |
spoiled (BrE spoilt) [spɔɪld], [spɔɪlt] |
psuć |
| spread [spred] | spread [spred] | spread [spred] | rozprzestrzeniać |
| spring [sprɪŋ] | sprang [spræŋ] | sprung [sprʌŋ] | skakać |
| stand [stænd] | stood [stʊd] | stood [stʊd] | stać |
| steal [stiːl] | stole [stoʊl] | stolen [stoʊlən] | kraść |
| stick [stɪk] | stuck [stʌk] | stuck [stʌk] | przyklejać |
| sting [stɪŋ] | stung [stʌŋ] | stung [stʌŋ] | żądlić |
| stink [stɪŋk] | stank [stæŋk] | stunk [stʌŋk] | śmierdzieć |
| strew [struː] | strewed [struːd] | strewn [struːn] | rozsypywać |
| stride [straɪd] | strode [stroʊd] | stridden [ˈstrɪdn] | kroczyć |
| strike [straɪk] | struck [strʌk] | struck [strʌk] | uderzyć |
| string [strɪŋ] | strung [strʌŋ] | strung [strʌŋ] | naciągać |
| strive [straɪv] | strove [stroʊv] | striven [ˈstrɪvən] | usiłować |
| swear [swer] | swore [swɔːr] | sworn [swɔːrn] | przysięgać |
| sweep [swiːp] | swept [swept] | swept [swept] | zamiatać |
| swell [swel] | swelled [sweld] | swollen [ˈswoʊlən] | puchnąć |
| swim [swɪm] | swam [swæm] | swum [swʌm] | pływać |
| swing [swɪŋ] | swung [swʌŋ] | swung [swʌŋ] | kołysać |
T |
|||
| take [teɪk] | took [tʊk] | taken [ˈteɪkən] | brać |
| teach [tiːtʃ] | taught [tɒːt] | taught [tɒːt] | nauczać |
| tear [ter] | tore [tɔːr] | torn [tɔːrn] | rozrywać |
| tell [tel] | told [toʊld] | told [toʊld] | powiedzieć |
| think [θɪŋk] | thought [θɒːt] | thought [θɒːt] | myśleć |
| thrive [θraɪv] | throve [θroʊ] | thrived [θraɪvd] | prosperować |
| throw [[θroʊ] | threw [θruː] | thrown [θroʊn] | rzucać |
| thrust [θrʌst] | thrust [θrʌst] | thrust [θrʌst] | pchać |
| tread [tred] | trod [trɑːd] | trodden [ˈtrɑːdn] | stąpać |
U |
|||
| understand [ˌʌndərˈstænd] | understood [ˌʌndərˈstʊd] | understood [ˌʌndərˈstʊd] | rozumieć |
| upset [ʌpˈset] | upset [ʌpˈset] | upset [ʌpˈset] | zmartwić |
W |
|||
| wake [weɪk] | woke [woʊk] | woken [ˈwoʊkən] | budzić |
| wear [wer] | wore [wɔːr] | worn [wɔːrn] | nosić |
| weave [wiːv] | wove [woʊv] | woven [ˈwoʊvən] | tkać |
| weep [wiːp] | wept [wept] | wept [wept] | płakać |
| wet [wet] | wet [wet] | wet [wet] | zwilżać |
| win [wɪn] | won [wʌn] | won [wʌn] | wygrywać |
| wind [waɪnd] | wound [waʊnd] | wound [waʊnd] | nawijać |
| wring [rɪŋ] | wrung [rʌŋ] | wrung [rʌŋ] | wyciskać |
| write [raɪt] | wrote [roʊt] | written [ˈrɪtn] | pisać |
To bardzo obszerna lista, zawierająca zarówno czasowniki nieregularne, które są często używane, jak i te mniej popularne. Warto zajrzeć do artykułu 20 najpopularniejszych czasowników nieregularnych, aby dowiedzieć, które czasowniki nieregularne będą najbardziej przydatne i które powinniśmy opanować w pierwszej kolejności.
Poćwicz tworzenie drugiej i trzeciej formy:
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