Last year vs in the last year
“Last year” and “in the last year” are both correct, but they are used in different situations. While they might seem similar, they have distinct meanings and cannot be used interchangeably.
Last Year
“Last year” refers to the previous calendar year. For example, if it is 2024, “last year” refers to 2023. Use this phrase when talking about something that happened within that specific year.
I started a new job last year.
They moved to a new house last year.
In the Last Year
“In the last year” means in the last 12 months from the current date. It refers to the period of 12 months up to the moment of speaking, not the previous calendar year.
In the last year, I have improved my skills significantly.
She has been learning Spanish in the last year.
Is the Difference Important?
Yes, the difference is important, especially in questions and answers, because it can affect the meaning.
This refers to the last 12 months, so you would answer “Yes” if you traveled during this period.
This refers to the calendar year before the current one. If you didn’t travel in 2023, you would answer “No.”
Common mistakes
The two expressions can become mixed up, and learners often make the mistake of saying:
Summary
“In the last year” refers to the past 12 months, no matter the exact starting point.
By understanding the difference, you can use these phrases more accurately.
