{"id":20725,"date":"2021-06-17T06:00:24","date_gmt":"2021-06-17T04:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/?p=20725"},"modified":"2023-10-25T11:17:31","modified_gmt":"2023-10-25T09:17:31","slug":"czasy-perfect-w-jezyku-angielskim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/czasy-perfect-w-jezyku-angielskim\/","title":{"rendered":"Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim"},"content":{"rendered":"

Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim: wst\u0119p<\/h1>\n

Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim charakteryzuj\u0105 si\u0119 konstrukcj\u0105 zda\u0144 z u\u017cyciem czasownika have\/had. W sumie mamy sze\u015b\u0107 czas\u00f3w perfect – po dwa w ka\u017cdym czasie (tera\u017aniejszym, przesz\u0142ym oraz przysz\u0142ym). Czasy perfect mo\u017cemy podzieli\u0107 na czasy perfect simple (Present Perfect<\/a>, Past Perfect<\/a>, Future Perfect<\/a>) oraz czasy perfect continuous (Present Perfect Continuous<\/a>, Past Perfect Continuous<\/a>, Future Perfect Continuous<\/a>). Jak wygl\u0105daj\u0105 poszczeg\u00f3lne czasy perfect?<\/p>\n

Tera\u017aniejsze czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim<\/h2>\n

Present Perfect<\/h3>\n

Chocia\u017c czas Present Perfect zaliczamy do czas\u00f3w tera\u017aniejszych to tak naprawd\u0119 jest on wykorzystywany do m\u00f3wienia o przesz\u0142o\u015bci. Czas Present Perfect stosujemy, gdy m\u00f3wimy o czynno\u015bciach z przesz\u0142o\u015bci, kt\u00f3rych skutki wp\u0142ywaj\u0105 na tera\u017aniejszo\u015b\u0107. Zdanie w tym czasie tworzymy z wykorzystaniem czasownika posi\u0142kowego have (lub has w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedynczej) oraz czasownika g\u0142\u00f3wnego w Past Participle<\/a>, czyli w III formie.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + have\/has<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> have<\/span> already seen<\/span> this movie.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Widzia\u0142em\/am ju\u017c ten film.<\/p>\n

He<\/span> has<\/span> been<\/span> in Texas three times.<\/strong><\/div>\n

On by\u0142 w Pary\u017cu trzy razy.<\/p>\n

Przeczenie w Present Perfect tworzymy za pomoc\u0105 s\u0142owa not, kt\u00f3re stawiamy pomi\u0119dzy have\/has a czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + have\/has<\/span> + not<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> have<\/span> not<\/span> seen<\/span> this movie yet.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Jeszcze nie widzia\u0142em\/am tego filmu.<\/p>\n

He<\/span> has<\/span> not<\/span> been<\/span> in Texas three times.<\/strong><\/div>\n

On nie by\u0142 w Pary\u017cu trzy razy.<\/p>\n

Have\/Has<\/span> + osoba<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
Have<\/span> I<\/span> already seen<\/span> this movie?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy ju\u017c widzia\u0142em\/am ten film?<\/p>\n

Has<\/span> he<\/span> ever been<\/span> to Texas?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy on kiedykolwiek by\u0142 w Pary\u017cu?<\/p>\n

\n
Charakterystyczne s\u0142owa w czasie Present Perfect to:<\/h5>\n
already <\/b>– ju\u017c<\/div>\n
just<\/b> – dopiero co<\/div>\n
yet <\/b>– ju\u017c<\/div>\n
ever<\/b> – kiedykolwiek<\/div>\n
two times (three times etc.) <\/b>– dwa razy (trzy razy etc.)<\/div>\n

never<\/b> – nigdy<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Present Perfect Continuous<\/h3>\n

Czas Present Perfect Continuous s\u0142u\u017cy do m\u00f3wienia o czynno\u015bciach rozpocz\u0119tych w przesz\u0142o\u015bci, kt\u00f3re maj\u0105 swoje skutki w tera\u017aniejszo\u015bci lub kt\u00f3re wci\u0105\u017c trwaj\u0105. Zdania twierdz\u0105ce w tym czasie tworzymy z u\u017cyciem czasownika have (lub has w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedynczej), czasownika to be w III formie oraz czasownika w Present Participle<\/a> – czyli z ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0105 -ing.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + have\/has<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> working<\/span> since 7 a.m.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Pracowa\u0142em\/am od 7 rano.<\/p>\n

She<\/span> has<\/span> been<\/span> reading<\/span> for two hours.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czyta\u0142a przez dwie godziny.<\/p>\n

Przeczenia w czasie Present Perfect Continuous tworzymy poprzez wstawienie mi\u0119dzy have\/has a czasownik been s\u0142owa przecz\u0105cego not.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + have\/has<\/span> + not<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> have<\/span> not<\/span> been<\/span> working<\/span> since 7 a.m.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie pracowa\u0142em\/am od 7 rano.<\/p>\n

She<\/span> has<\/span> not<\/span> been<\/span> reading<\/span> for two hours.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Ona nie czyta\u0142a przez dwie godziny.<\/p>\n

Pytania w Present Perfect Continuous tworzymy poprzez inwersj\u0119 have\/has.<\/p>\n

Have\/Has<\/span> + osoba<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
Have<\/span> I<\/span> been<\/span> working<\/span> since 7 a.m.?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy pracowa\u0142em\/am od 7 rano?<\/p>\n

Has<\/span> she<\/span> been<\/span> reading<\/span> for two hours?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy ona czyta\u0142a przez dwie godziny?<\/p>\n

\n
Charakterystyczne s\u0142owa w czasie Present Perfect Continuous to:<\/h5>\n
for <\/b>– przez, od<\/div>\n
since <\/b>– od<\/div>\n
recently <\/b>– ostatnio<\/div>\n

lately <\/b>– ostatnio<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"Czasy<\/p>\n

Przesz\u0142e czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim<\/h2>\n

Past Perfect<\/h3>\n

Czas Past Perfect wykorzystujemy do m\u00f3wienia o czynno\u015bci z przesz\u0142o\u015bci, kt\u00f3ra zako\u0144czy\u0142a si\u0119 przed jakim\u015b okre\u015blonym czasem lub zdarzeniem z przesz\u0142o\u015bci. Do tworzenia zda\u0144 w tym czasie u\u017cywamy czasownika had oraz czasownika w Past Participle.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + had<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> had<\/span> been<\/span> to Canada twice before I moved there.<\/strong><\/div>\n

By\u0142em\/am w Kanadzie dwa razy zanim si\u0119 tam przeprowadzi\u0142em\/am.<\/p>\n

They<\/span> had<\/span> already made<\/span> plans before I invited them.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Ju\u017c poczynili plany zanim ich zaprosi\u0142em\/am.<\/p>\n

Aby utworzy\u0107 przeczenie w czasie Past Perfect wystarczy wstawi\u0107 not mi\u0119dzy czasownik posi\u0142kowy had oraz czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny w Past Participle.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + had<\/span> + not<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> had<\/span> not<\/span> been<\/span> to Canada before I moved there.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie by\u0142em\/am w Kanadzie zanim si\u0119 tam przeprowadzi\u0142em\/am.<\/p>\n

They<\/span> had<\/span> not<\/span> made<\/span> plans before I invited them.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie poczynili jeszcze \u017cadnych plan\u00f3w zanim ich zaprosi\u0142em\/am.<\/p>\n

Pytania w Past Perfect tworzy si\u0119 poprzez wstawienie had przed podmiot zdania.<\/p>\n

Had<\/span> + osoba<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
Had<\/span> I<\/span> been<\/span> to Canada before I moved there?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy by\u0142em ju\u017c w Kanadzie zanim si\u0119 tam przeprowadzi\u0142em\/am?<\/p>\n

Had<\/span> they<\/span> made<\/span> plans before I invited them?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy poczynili ju\u017c jakie\u015b plany zanim ich zaprosi\u0142em\/am?<\/p>\n

\n
Charakterystyczne s\u0142owa w czasie Past Perfect to:<\/h5>\n
by the time <\/b>– zanim<\/div>\n
before <\/b>– przed<\/div>\n
after <\/b>– po<\/div>\n
already<\/b> – ju\u017c<\/div>\n
never <\/b>– nigdy<\/div>\n
just <\/b>– w\u0142a\u015bnie<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\"Angielski<\/a><\/p>\n

Past Perfect Continuous<\/h3>\n

Czas Past Perfect Continuous stosujemy, gdy m\u00f3wimy o czynno\u015bci zachodz\u0105cej w przesz\u0142o\u015bci, kt\u00f3ra trwa\u0142a do pewnego okre\u015blonego momentu w przesz\u0142o\u015bci. W tym czasie zdanie twierdz\u0105ce tworzymy wykorzystuj\u0105c czasownik posi\u0142kowy had, czasownik been oraz czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny w Present Participle.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + had<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> had<\/span> been<\/span> watching<\/span> a movie before Avah called.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Ogl\u0105da\u0142em\/am film zanim Avah zadzwoni\u0142a.<\/p>\n

He<\/span> had<\/span> been<\/span> working<\/span> here for a month when he got fired.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Pracowa\u0142 tu od miesi\u0105ca kiedy zosta\u0142 zwolniony.<\/p>\n

W czasie Present Perfect Continuous przeczenia tworzymy poprzez dodanie not. S\u0142owo przecz\u0105ce not stawia si\u0119 mi\u0119dzy had a czasownik been.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + had<\/span> + not<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> had<\/span> not<\/span> been<\/span> watching<\/span> a movie before Avah called.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie ogl\u0105da\u0142em\/am film zanim Avah zadzwoni\u0142a.<\/p>\n

He<\/span> had<\/span> not<\/span> been<\/span> working<\/span> here for a month when he got fired.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie pracowa\u0142 tu przez miesi\u0105c kiedy zosta\u0142 zwolniony.<\/p>\n

Pytania w Past Perfect Continuous tworzymy poprzez inwersj\u0119 czasownika had.<\/p>\n

Had<\/span> + osoba<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
Had<\/span> I<\/span> been<\/span> watching<\/span> a movie before Avah called?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy ogl\u0105da\u0142em\/am film zanim Avah zadzwoni\u0142a?<\/p>\n

Had<\/span> he<\/span> been<\/span> working<\/span> here for a month when he got fired?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy pracowa\u0142 tu od miesi\u0105ca kiedy zosta\u0142 zwolniony?<\/p>\n

\n
Charakterystyczne s\u0142owa w czasie Past Perfect Continuous to:<\/h5>\n
before<\/b> – zanim<\/div>\n
when<\/b> – kiedy<\/div>\n
how long <\/b>– jak d\u0142ugo<\/div>\n
since <\/b>– od<\/div>\n

for <\/b>– od, przez<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"Czasy<\/p>\n

Przysz\u0142e czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim<\/h2>\n

Future Perfect<\/h3>\n

Czas Future Perfect wykorzystujemy do m\u00f3wienia o przesz\u0142o\u015bci w przysz\u0142o\u015bci. W tym czasie m\u00f3wimy o czynno\u015bciach, kt\u00f3re zostan\u0105 zako\u0144czone przed jakim\u015b okre\u015blonym momentem w przysz\u0142o\u015bci. W czasie Future Perfect zdanie twierdz\u0105ce tworzymy przy pomocy czasownika modalnego<\/a> will, czasownika posi\u0142kowego have oraz czasownika w Past Participle. Inaczej ni\u017c w czasach tera\u017aniejszych, w czasie Future Perfect w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedynczej nie u\u017cywa si\u0119 formy has.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + will<\/span> + have<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> will<\/span> have<\/span> lived<\/span> in Boston for three years in June.<\/strong><\/div>\n

B\u0119d\u0119 mieszka\u0142\/a w Bostonie od trzech lat w czerwcu.<\/p>\n

She<\/span> will<\/span> have<\/span> finished<\/span> school by the end of the year.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Sko\u0144czy szko\u0142\u0119 przed ko\u0144cem roku.<\/p>\n

W czasie Future Perfect przeczenie tworzy si\u0119 poprzez wstawienie not pomi\u0119dzy will a have.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + will<\/span> + not<\/span> + have<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> will<\/span> not<\/span> have<\/span> lived<\/span> in Boston for three years in June.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie b\u0119d\u0119 mieszka\u0142\/a w Bostonie od trzech lat w czerwcu.<\/p>\n

She<\/span> will<\/span> not<\/span> have<\/span> finished<\/span> school by the end of the year.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie sko\u0144czy szko\u0142\u0119 przed ko\u0144cem roku.<\/p>\n

Pytania w Future Perfect tworzymy poprzez inwersj\u0119 czasownika will.<\/p>\n

Will<\/span> + osoba<\/span> + have<\/span> + Past Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
Will<\/span> I<\/span> have<\/span> lived<\/span> in Boston for three years in June?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy b\u0119d\u0119 mieszka\u0142a w Bostonie od trzech lat w czerwcu?<\/p>\n

Will<\/span> she<\/span> have<\/span> finished<\/span> school by the end of the year?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy ona sko\u0144czy szko\u0142\u0119 przed ko\u0144cem roku?<\/p>\n

\n
Charakterystyczne s\u0142owa w czasie Future Perfect to:<\/h5>\n
by<\/b> – przed, do<\/div>\n
in<\/b> – w<\/div>\n
by the time <\/b>– zanim<\/div>\n

before <\/b>– przed<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Future Perfect Continuous<\/h3>\n

Czas Future Perfect Continuous wykorzystujemy do m\u00f3wienia o zachodz\u0105cej czynno\u015bciach, kt\u00f3ra b\u0119dzie trwa\u0107 do jakiego\u015b okre\u015blonego momentu w przysz\u0142o\u015bci. Zdanie twierdz\u0105ce w tym czasie tworzymy za pomoc\u0105 konstrukcji will have been oraz czasownika w Future Participle.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + will<\/span> + have<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> will<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> dating<\/span> him for two years next month.<\/strong><\/div>\n

B\u0119d\u0119 z nim chodzi\u0107 od dw\u00f3ch lat w przysz\u0142ym miesi\u0105cu.<\/p>\n

He<\/span> will<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> sleeping<\/span> for three hours when she comes home.<\/strong><\/div>\n

On b\u0119dzie spa\u0142 od trzech godzin kiedy ona wr\u00f3ci do domu.<\/p>\n

Przeczenie w Future Perfect Continuous tworzymy poprzez dodanie not pomi\u0119dzy will a czasownik have.<\/p>\n

Osoba<\/span> + will<\/span> + not<\/span> + have<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
I<\/span> will<\/span> not<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> dating<\/span> him for two years next month.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Nie b\u0119d\u0119 z nim chodzi\u0107 od dw\u00f3ch lat w przysz\u0142ym miesi\u0105cu.<\/p>\n

He<\/span> will<\/span> not<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> sleeping<\/span> for three hours when she comes home.<\/strong><\/div>\n

On nie b\u0119dzie spa\u0142 od trzech godzin kiedy ona wr\u00f3ci do domu.<\/p>\n

W czasie Future Perfect Continuous pytania tworzymy poprzez wstawienie will przed podmiot zdania.<\/p>\n

Will<\/span> + osoba<\/span> + have<\/span> + been<\/span> + Present Participle<\/span> + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n
Will<\/span> I<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> dating<\/span> him for two years next month?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy b\u0119d\u0119 z nim chodzi\u0107 od dw\u00f3ch lat w przysz\u0142ym miesi\u0105cu?<\/p>\n

Will<\/span> he<\/span> have<\/span> been<\/span> sleeping<\/span> for three hours when she comes home?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy b\u0119dzie sp\u0142a od trzech godzin kiedy ona wr\u00f3ci do domu?<\/p>\n

\n
Charakterystyczne s\u0142owa w czasie Future Perfect Continuous to:<\/h5>\n
by <\/b>– przed, do<\/div>\n
when<\/b> – kiedy<\/div>\n
for <\/b>– przez, od<\/div>\n
how long <\/b>– jak d\u0142ugo<\/div>\n

next month (next week etc.) <\/b>– w przysz\u0142ym miesi\u0105cu (w przysz\u0142y tygodniu etc.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"Czasy<\/p>\n

Por\u00f3wnanie czas\u00f3w perfect<\/h2>\n

Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim: zdanie twierdz\u0105ce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI have worked here before.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present Perfect
\nContinuous<\/strong><\/td>\n		<\/td>\nI have been working here for two years.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI had worked here before I changed jobs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI had been working here for two years before I changed jobs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI will have worked here for two years in May.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI will have been working here for two years by the time I change jobs in May.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim: przeczenie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI have not worked here before.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present Perfect
\nContinuous<\/strong><\/td>\n		<\/td>\nI have not been working here for two years.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI had not worked here before I changed jobs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI had not been working here for two years before I changed jobs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI will not have worked here for two years in May.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nI will not have been working here for two years by the time I change jobs in May.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim: pytanie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHave you worked here before?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present Perfect
\nContinuous<\/strong><\/td>\n		<\/td>\nHave you been working here for two years?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHad you worked here before you changed jobs?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHad you been working here for two years before you changed jobs?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nWill you have worked here for two years in May?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nWill you have been working here for two years by the time you change jobs in May?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\"Rozpocznij<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim: wst\u0119p Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim charakteryzuj\u0105 si\u0119 konstrukcj\u0105 zda\u0144 z u\u017cyciem czasownika have\/had. W sumie mamy sze\u015b\u0107 czas\u00f3w perfect – po dwa w ka\u017cdym czasie (tera\u017aniejszym, przesz\u0142ym oraz przysz\u0142ym). Czasy perfect mo\u017cemy podzieli\u0107 na czasy perfect simple (Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect) oraz czasy perfect continuous (Present Perfect […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":20726,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatyka"],"yoast_head":"\nCzasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim | Perfect tenses | ELLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Czasy perfect w j\u0119zyku angielskim - jakie mamy? Jak je tworzy\u0107 i rozpozna\u0107 w zdaniu? 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Pytanie w czasie Present Perfect tworzymy poprzez inwersj\u0119<\/a> czasownika have\/has, czyli stawiamy czasownik przed podmiot zdania.<\/p>\n