{"id":19637,"date":"2020-12-16T06:00:12","date_gmt":"2020-12-16T05:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/?p=19637"},"modified":"2021-12-02T09:17:58","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T08:17:58","slug":"present-participle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/present-participle\/","title":{"rendered":"Present Participle"},"content":{"rendered":"

Present Participle: imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny<\/h1>\n

Present Participle to imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny, zwany te\u017c tera\u017aniejszym. Czasownik w Present Participle tworzymy poprzez dodanie do podstawowej formy czasownika ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -ing.<\/p>\n

\n
Participles w j\u0119zyku angielskim<\/h5>\n

W j\u0119zyku angielskim mamy trzy rodzaje participles: Present Participle, Past Participle oraz Perfect Participle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Bezokolicznik:<\/td>\nwork<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present Participle:<\/td>\nworking<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Participle:<\/td>\nworked<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Perfect Participle:<\/td>\nhaving worked<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Przeczytaj o Past Participle w artykule Past Participle w j\u0119zyku angielskim<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Kiedy u\u017cywamy Present Participle?<\/h2>\n

Present Participle u\u017cywamy:<\/p>\n

+ w czasach continuous<\/h4>\n

Present Participle u\u017cywamy we wszystkich czasach ci\u0105g\u0142ych. W zdaniach continuous Present Participle \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z czasownikiem to be w odpowiedniej formie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Present Continuous:<\/a><\/td>\nI am working<\/b>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Continuous:<\/a><\/td>\nI was working<\/b>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Continuous:<\/a><\/td>\nI will be working<\/b>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present Perfect Continuous:<\/a><\/td>\nI have been working<\/b>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past Perfect Continuous:<\/a><\/td>\nI had been working<\/b>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future Perfect Continuous:<\/a><\/td>\nI will have been working<\/b>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

+ jako przymiotnik<\/h4>\n

Present Participle mo\u017ce wyst\u0119powa\u0107 w zdaniu jako przymiotnik, kt\u00f3ry opisuje tego, kto lub to, co sprawi\u0142o, \u017ce dane uczucie zosta\u0142o wywo\u0142ane.<\/p>\n

She is an inspiring<\/span> person.<\/strong><\/div>\n

This book was boring<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

+ w zdaniach imies\u0142owowych<\/h4>\n

Zdania imies\u0142owowe (participle clauses)<\/b><\/a> s\u0142u\u017c\u0105 do przekazywania informacji w spos\u00f3b ekonomiczny. Mo\u017cemy ich u\u017cywa\u0107, gdy podmiot zdania i imies\u0142owu jest taki sam.<\/p>\n

Standing<\/span><\/strong> in line, I remembered that I didn\u2019t bring my wallet. \u21d2 While I was standing<\/span><\/strong> in the line, I remembered that I didn’t bring my wallet.<\/p>\n

\n
Kiedy u\u017cywamy zda\u0144 imies\u0142owowych?<\/h5>\n

Zdania imies\u0142owowe u\u017cywamy, gdy:<\/p>\n

+ chcemy poda\u0107 pow\u00f3d jakiego\u015b dzia\u0142ania<\/b><\/div>\n
Expecting<\/strong><\/span> the snow, she changed her tires for winter tires. (BrE tyres)<\/div>\n

Mary left early, knowing<\/strong><\/span> she had to catch the last bus.<\/p>\n

+ chcemy poda\u0107 wynik jakiego\u015b dzia\u0142ania<\/strong><\/div>\n
The glass fell down, spraying<\/strong><\/span> the water everywhere.<\/div>\n

The car broke down, leaving<\/strong><\/span> me stranded.<\/p>\n

+ m\u00f3wimy o dw\u00f3ch czynno\u015bciach wykonywanych w tym samym czasie<\/strong><\/div>\n
Cooking<\/strong><\/span> dinner, I kept on snacking.<\/div>\n

Running<\/strong><\/span>, I sang all the Adelle songs I knew.<\/p>\n

+ chcemy poda\u0107 dodatkowe informacje dotycz\u0105ce tematu opisywanego w zdaniu<\/strong><\/div>\n
Starting<\/strong><\/span> in the fall, the new semester will be my last.<\/div>\n

Feeling<\/strong><\/span> stupid, she raised her hand to ask the question.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

+ w celu skr\u00f3cenia zda\u0144 wzgl\u0119dnych<\/h4>\n

Mo\u017cna skr\u00f3ci\u0107 zdanie wzgl\u0119dne (relative clause)<\/strong><\/a> poprzez omini\u0119cie zaimka wzgl\u0119dnego i u\u017cycie czasownika w Present Participle.<\/p>\n

The woman who is standing<\/span><\/strong> there is my mother. \u21d2 The woman standing<\/span><\/strong> there is my mother.<\/div>\n

The book which is lying<\/span><\/strong> there is my favorite. \u21d2 The book lying<\/span><\/strong> there is my favorite.<\/p>\n

+ w zdaniach z there + to be<\/h4>\n

Present Participle wstawimy po rzeczowniku w zdaniach z there + to be w odpowiedniej formie.<\/p>\n

There are people living<\/span> here for free.<\/strong><\/div>\n

I know there was a movie talking<\/span> about this issue.<\/strong><\/p>\n

+ po wyra\u017ceniach z niekt\u00f3rymi czasownikami<\/h4>\n

U\u017cywamy Present Participle w wyra\u017ceniach z czasownikami catch oraz find.<\/p>\n

catch\/find + dope\u0142nienie + Present Participle<\/h5>\n
I caught him stealing<\/span>.<\/strong><\/div>\n

We found him reading<\/span> a book in his room.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Present Participle u\u017cywamy po wyra\u017ceniach z czasownikami spend oraz waste, po kt\u00f3rych wyst\u0119puj\u0105 wyra\u017cenia czasowe lub zwi\u0105zane z pieni\u0119dzmi.<\/p>\n

spend\/waste + wyra\u017cenia czasowe\/pieni\u0119\u017cne + Present Participle<\/h5>\n
They wasted time going<\/span> around in circles.<\/strong><\/div>\n

We spent a lot of money buying<\/span> Christmas presents.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Czasowniki percepcji to: hear, see, watch, smell.<\/p>\n

czasowniki percepcji + dope\u0142nienie + Present Participle<\/h5>\n
I heard her talking<\/span> about her new apartment.<\/strong><\/div>\n

They saw their neighbors arguing<\/span> over the fence.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Sprawdzony<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\"Present<\/p>\n

Jak tworzymy czasowniki z ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0105 -ing?<\/h2>\n

Czasowniki z -ing tworzymy poprzez dodanie do czasownika w bezokoliczniku ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -ing.<\/p>\n

listen + ing<\/strong> = listening<\/strong><\/div>\n

walk + ing<\/strong> = walking<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zasady dodawania -ing do czasownik\u00f3w<\/h3>\n
1. Podwojenie ostatniej sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142oski w:<\/strong><\/div>\n
+ wyrazach jednosylabowych, w kt\u00f3rych ostatnie trzy litery to sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142oska, samog\u0142oska i sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142oska<\/div>\n
sit \u21d2 sitting<\/strong><\/div>\n

get \u21d2 getting<\/strong><\/p>\n

+ wyrazach wielosylabowych, w kt\u00f3rych ostatnie trzy litery to sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142oska, samog\u0142oska i sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142oska, gdy akcent pada na ostatni\u0105 sylab\u0119<\/div>\n
begin \u21d2 beginning<\/strong><\/div>\n

forget \u21d2 forgetting<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. Nie podwojenie ostatniej sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142oski w wyrazach, w kt\u00f3rych wyst\u0119puj\u0105 dwie samog\u0142oski przed ostatni\u0105 sp\u00f3\u0142g\u0142osk\u0105<\/strong><\/div>\n
bleed \u21d2 bleeding<\/strong><\/div>\n

meet \u21d2 meeting<\/strong><\/p>\n

3. Opuszczenie ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -e przy dodawaniu -ing<\/strong><\/div>\n
write \u21d2 writing<\/strong><\/div>\n

dance \u21d2 dancing<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
Wyj\u0105tki!<\/h5>\n
age \u21d2 ageing<\/strong><\/div>\n
be \u21d2 being<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
4. Nie opuszczenie ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -e w wyrazach zako\u0144czonych na -ee, -ye, -oe<\/strong><\/div>\n
dye \u21d2 dyeing<\/strong><\/div>\n

tiptoe \u21d2 tiptoeing<\/strong><\/p>\n

5. Zmiana ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -ie na -y<\/strong><\/div>\n
lie \u21d2 lying<\/strong><\/div>\n

die \u21d2 dying<\/strong><\/p>\n

6. Dodanie -k w wyrazach zako\u0144czonych na -c<\/strong><\/div>\n
panic \u21d2 panicking<\/strong><\/div>\n

mimic \u21d2 mimicking<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
Uwaga!<\/h5>\n

Czasowniki z ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0105 -ing to zar\u00f3wno czasowniki w Present Participle, jak i w gerund<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

\"Present<\/p>\n

Gerund vs Present Participle<\/h2>\n

Present Participle oraz gerund maj\u0105 tak\u0105 sam\u0105 form\u0119 -ing, dlatego mog\u0105 wyst\u0119powa\u0107 problemy w ich rozr\u00f3\u017cnieniu. R\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy nimi polega na tym, \u017ce gerund ma funkcj\u0119 rzeczownika w zdaniu, a Present Participle wyst\u0119puje jako czasownik lub przymiotnik.<\/p>\n

Jak rozpozna\u0107 kiedy w zdaniu u\u017cyto gerund, a kiedy Present Participle?<\/h3>\n

Gerund funkcjonuje jako rzeczownik, dlatego w zdaniu mo\u017ce by\u0107 podmiotem, dope\u0142nieniem lub mo\u017ce by\u0107 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 rzeczownika z\u0142o\u017conego<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Swimming<\/span> is a healthy and fun hobby.<\/strong> (gerund jako podmiot)<\/div>\n
I enjoy swimming<\/span> in the sea.<\/strong> (gerund jako dope\u0142nienie)<\/div>\n

I jumped into the swimming pool<\/span>.<\/strong> (gerund jako cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 rzeczownika z\u0142o\u017conego)<\/p>\n

Natomiast Present Participle wyst\u0119puje w zdaniach w czasach ci\u0105g\u0142ych, a wi\u0119c jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 konstrukcji z czasownikiem to be.<\/p>\n

I am swimming<\/span><\/strong>. (czasownik w Present Continuous)<\/div>\n

(While he was) Swimming<\/span>, he inhaled a lot of water.<\/strong> (czasownik w zdaniu imies\u0142owowym)<\/p>\n

Present Participle mo\u017ce te\u017c wyst\u0119powa\u0107 pod postaci\u0105 przymiotnika.<\/p>\n

This is a very tiring<\/span> exercise.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej o r\u00f3\u017cnicach mi\u0119dzy gerund vs Present Participle<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"Rozpocznij<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Present Participle: imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny Present Participle to imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny, zwany te\u017c tera\u017aniejszym. Czasownik w Present Participle tworzymy poprzez dodanie do podstawowej formy czasownika ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -ing. Participles w j\u0119zyku angielskim W j\u0119zyku angielskim mamy trzy rodzaje participles: Present Participle, Past Participle oraz Perfect Participle. Bezokolicznik: work Present Participle: working Past Participle: worked Perfect Participle: having worked […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":19640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatyka"],"yoast_head":"\nPresent Participle | imies\u0142\u00f3w czasu tera\u017aniejszego | ELLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Present Participle w j\u0119zyku angielskim to nasz polski imies\u0142\u00f3w czasu tera\u017aniejszego. Kiedy go u\u017cywamy? 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