{"id":16951,"date":"2020-10-23T06:00:39","date_gmt":"2020-10-23T04:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/?p=16951"},"modified":"2023-10-25T12:22:56","modified_gmt":"2023-10-25T10:22:56","slug":"indirect-questions-czyli-pytania-posrednie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/indirect-questions-czyli-pytania-posrednie\/","title":{"rendered":"Indirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Indirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie<\/h1>\n

Indirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie to takie pytania, w kt\u00f3rych u\u017cywamy dodatkowych zwrot\u00f3w, aby nasze pytanie brzmia\u0142o bardziej uprzejmie. To oznacza, \u017ce najpierw u\u017cywamy kilku grzeczno\u015bciowych s\u0142\u00f3w, a dopiero potem przechodzimy do pytania w\u0142a\u015bciwego.<\/p>\n

Jak tworzymy indirect questions?<\/h2>\n

Pytania po\u015brednie zaczynamy od frazy wprowadzaj\u0105cej i s\u0142owa pytaj\u0105cego, nast\u0119pnie wstawiamy podmiot zdania, a potem stawiamy czasownik.<\/p>\n

fraza wprowadzaj\u0105ca + s\u0142owo pytaj\u0105ce + podmiot + czasownik + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n

Can you tell me<\/u> where the toilet is?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
Zapami\u0119taj!<\/h5>\n

Inwersja<\/a> oznacza odwr\u00f3cenie szyku zdania. Przy poznawaniu czas\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim uczymy si\u0119, \u017ce pytania tworzymy poprzez przesuni\u0119cie czasownika przed podmiot zdania, czyli inwersj\u0119. W pytaniach po\u015brednich NIE<\/b> stosujemy inwersji. W indirect questions stosujemy szyk zdania twierdz\u0105cego, czyli czasownik znajduje si\u0119 po podmiocie zdania a nie przed jak w przypadku wi\u0119kszo\u015bci pyta\u0144.<\/p>\n

Can<\/span> you<\/span> do it?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n

I wonder<\/u> if y<\/span>ou<\/span> can<\/span> do it.<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Dlaczego mamy problem z pytaniami po\u015brednimi?<\/h2>\n

Mo\u017cemy mie\u0107 problem z pytaniami po\u015brednimi z tego powodu, \u017ce maj\u0105 one inny szyk zdania od wi\u0119kszo\u015bci pyta\u0144 w j\u0119zyku angielskim. Wiele os\u00f3b zapami\u0119tuje, \u017ce aby stworzy\u0107 pytanie w j\u0119zyku angielskim nale\u017cy zastosowa\u0107 inwersj\u0119, dlatego b\u0142\u0119dnie pr\u00f3buje zastosowa\u0107 j\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c w pytaniach po\u015brednich.<\/p>\n

What time is<\/span> it<\/span>?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n
Do you know<\/u> what time it<\/span> is<\/span>?<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/div>\n

Do you know what time is it?<\/p>\n

\n
Indirect questions vs embedded questions<\/h5>\n

Embedded questions czyli w dos\u0142ownym t\u0142umaczeniu na j\u0119zyk polski: pytania zagnie\u017cd\u017cone, to po prostu inna nazwa na indirect questions w j\u0119zyku angielskim.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Frazy u\u017cywane przy pytaniach po\u015brednich<\/h2>\n

Pytanie po\u015brednie musimy zacz\u0105\u0107 od frazy wprowadzaj\u0105cej. Oto przyk\u0142ady grzeczno\u015bciowych wyra\u017ce\u0144 od kt\u00f3rych mo\u017cemy zacz\u0105\u0107 pytanie po\u015brednie.<\/p>\n

Can you tell me\u2026? <\/b>– Czy mo\u017cesz mi powiedzie\u0107…?<\/div>\n
Could you tell me\u2026? <\/b>– Czy m\u00f3g\u0142by\u015b\/mog\u0142aby\u015b mi powiedzie\u0107\u2026?<\/div>\n
Do you have any idea\u2026? <\/b>– Czy masz mo\u017ce poj\u0119cie\u2026?<\/div>\n
Do you know\u2026? <\/b>– Czy wiesz\u2026?<\/div>\n
I can’t remember\u2026 <\/b>– Nie mog\u0119 sobie przypomnie\u0107…<\/div>\n
I was wondering\u2026 <\/b>– Zastanawia\u0142em\/am si\u0119…<\/div>\n
I wonder\u2026 <\/b>– Zastanawiam si\u0119…<\/div>\n
I’d like to know\u2026 <\/b>– Chcia\u0142(a)bym wiedzie\u0107…<\/div>\n
I’d love to know\u2026 <\/b>– Bardzo chcia\u0142(a)bym wiedzie\u0107…<\/div>\n
I’m not sure\u2026<\/b> – Nie jestem pewny\/a…<\/div>\n
Is there any chance\u2026? <\/b>– Czy jest szansa\u2026?<\/div>\n
Let’s ask\u2026. <\/b>– Pozw\u00f3l, \u017ce zapytam…<\/div>\n
Would it be possible\u2026? <\/b>– Czy by\u0142oby mo\u017cliwe\u2026?<\/div>\n

Would you mind\u2026? <\/b>– Czy masz co\u015b przeciwko\u2026?<\/p>\n

Oto jak wygl\u0105daj\u0105 pytania bezpo\u015brednie po dodaniu frazy wprowadzaj\u0105cej.<\/p>\n

Do you have a pet?<\/b> (direct question)<\/div>\n
Czy masz zwierz\u0105tko domowe?<\/div>\n
Can you tell me <\/u>if you have a pet?<\/b> (indirect question)<\/div>\n

Czy mo\u017cesz mi powiedzie\u0107 czy masz zwierz\u0105tko domowe?<\/p>\n

When did you learn to play piano?<\/b> (direct question)<\/div>\n
Kiedy nauczy\u0142e\u015b\/a\u015b si\u0119 gra\u0107 na pianinie?<\/div>\n
I’d like to know <\/u>when you learned to play piano.<\/b> (indirect question)<\/div>\n

Chcia\u0142(a)bym wiedzie\u0107 kiedy nauczy\u0142e\u015b\/a\u015b si\u0119 gra\u0107 na pianinie.<\/p>\n

\n
Uwaga!<\/h5>\n

Czas przesz\u0142y czasownika learn r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 mi\u0119dzy ameryka\u0144skim angielskim a brytyjskim angielskim.<\/p>\n

learn – learned <\/b>(AmE)<\/div>\n

learn – learnt <\/b>(BrE)<\/p>\n

Poznaj te\u017c inne r\u00f3\u017cnice mi\u0119dzy ameryka\u0144skim a brytyjskim angielskim z artyku\u0142u r\u00f3\u017cnice w ameryka\u0144ski angielski i brytyjski angielski<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"Angielski<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\"pytania<\/p>\n

Czy przy pytaniach po\u015brednich u\u017cywamy znaku zapytania?<\/h2>\n

Nie, w pytaniach po\u015brednich nie musimy u\u017cywa\u0107 znaku zapytania je\u015bli fraza wprowadzaj\u0105ca jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 zdania oznajmuj\u0105cego.<\/p>\n

What is your name?<\/b><\/div>\n
I’d like to know<\/u> what your name is.<\/b><\/div>\n

Tutaj, nasze pytanie staje si\u0119 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 zdania oznajmuj\u0105cego i dlatego nie postawimy znaku zapytania na ko\u0144cu.<\/p>\n

Can I see him again?<\/b><\/div>\n
I wonder if<\/u> I can see him again.<\/b><\/div>\n

W tym wypadku pytanie po\u015brednie r\u00f3wnie\u017c jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 zdania oznajmuj\u0105cego.<\/p>\n

How old is he?<\/b><\/div>\n
Do you know<\/u> how old he is?<\/b><\/div>\n

W tym wypadku pytanie po\u015brednie jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 pytania, dlatego stawiamy znak zapytania na ko\u0144cu zdania.<\/p>\n

Direct questions czyli pytania bezpo\u015brednie<\/h2>\n

Pytania bezpo\u015brednie to po prostu zwyk\u0142e pytania, kt\u00f3re tworzymy zazwyczaj poprzez inwersj\u0119 lub przy pomocy czasownika posi\u0142kowego<\/a> do\/did.<\/p>\n

You<\/span> are<\/span> British. = Are<\/span> you<\/span> British?<\/b><\/div>\n
You<\/span> smoke. = Do<\/span> you<\/span> smoke?<\/strong><\/div>\n
This<\/span> is<\/span> an apple. = What is<\/span> this<\/span>?<\/strong><\/div>\n
You<\/span> are<\/span> his sister. = Who are<\/span> you<\/span>?<\/strong><\/div>\n

She<\/span> bought a car. = What did<\/span> she<\/span> buy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\"ndirect<\/p>\n

Rodzaje pyta\u0144<\/h2>\n

Pytania z do\/did<\/h3>\n

W przypadku czas\u00f3w Simple (Present Simple<\/a>, Past Simple<\/a>) u\u017cywamy czasownika posi\u0142kowego do\/did do zadania pytania bezpo\u015bredniego. W pytaniach po\u015brednich nie stosujemy czasownika posi\u0142kowego do\/did.<\/p>\n

Did you buy<\/span> that dress?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n
I’d like to know if<\/u> you bought<\/span> that dress.<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/div>\n

W czasie przesz\u0142ym czasownik posi\u0142kowy przybiera form\u0119 przesz\u0142\u0105 did natomiast czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny znajduje si\u0119 w formie podstawowej. W pytaniu po\u015brednim nie ma czasownika posi\u0142kowego dlatego czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny (buy) pozostaje w formie przesz\u0142ej (bought).<\/p>\n

What did<\/span> you do<\/span> yesterday?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n
I wonder<\/u> what you did<\/span> yesterday.<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/div>\n

W tym pytaniu bezpo\u015brednim czasownik do pojawia si\u0119 dwa razy – jako czasownik posi\u0142kowy (did) i czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny (do). Natomiast pytanie po\u015brednie nie zosta\u0142o zadane przez czasownik posi\u0142kowy wi\u0119c czasownik do pojawia si\u0119 tylko raz – jako czasownik g\u0142\u00f3wny (did). R\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy czasami gramatycznymi czasownika g\u0142\u00f3wnego w pytaniu po\u015brednim i bezpo\u015brednim zosta\u0142a wyja\u015bniona w poprzednim przyk\u0142adzie.<\/p>\n

\n
Pami\u0119taj!<\/h5>\n

W Present Simple w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedynczej do przyjmuje form\u0119 does. Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej z wpisu do czy does<\/a>.<\/div>\n

Pytania otwarte<\/h3>\n

Pytania otwarte to inaczej pytania ze s\u0142\u00f3wkami pytaj\u0105cymi what, why etc., kt\u00f3re wymagaj\u0105 bardziej opisowych odpowiedzi. Mo\u017cemy je stosowa\u0107 zar\u00f3wno w pytaniach po\u015brednich, jak i bezpo\u015brednich. W pytaniach po\u015brednich czasownik stawiamy po podmiocie, natomiast w bezpo\u015brednich przed podmiotem.<\/p>\n

When<\/span> is<\/span> he<\/span> coming?<\/strong> (direct question – czasownik is<\/i> stoi przed<\/b> podmiotem he)<\/i><\/div>\n

Do you know<\/u> when<\/span> he<\/span> is<\/span> coming?<\/strong> (indirect question – czasownik is<\/i> stoi za<\/b> podmiotem he)<\/i><\/p>\n

\n
Pytania z czasownikiem to be<\/h5>\n

W pytaniach bezpo\u015brednich z czasownikiem to be – czasownik to be stawiamy przed<\/b> podmiotem. Natomiast w pytaniach po\u015brednich to be znajduje si\u0119 po<\/b> podmiocie. Ta zasada dotyczy zar\u00f3wno pyta\u0144 otwartych, jak i zamkni\u0119tych.<\/p>\n

What is<\/span> this<\/span>? <\/b>(direct question)<\/div>\n

Could you tell me<\/u> what this<\/span> is<\/span>?<\/b> (indirect question)<\/p>\n

Cz\u0119stym b\u0142\u0119dem przy tworzeniu pyta\u0144 po\u015brednich jest stawianie czasownika to be przed podmiotem, zamiast po podmiocie. Wa\u017cne jest aby zapami\u0119ta\u0107 odpowiedni szyk zdania – czasownik to be stoi po<\/b> podmiocie w pytaniach po\u015brednich.<\/p>\n

Could you tell me what this is?<\/div>\n

Could you tell me what is this?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Where<\/span> do you go to school?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n
I’d like to know<\/u> where<\/span> you go to school.<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/div>\n

Pami\u0119tajmy, \u017ce w pytaniach bezpo\u015brednich pomijamy czasownik posi\u0142kowy do – tak\u017ce w przypadku pyta\u0144 tworzonych przy pomocy s\u0142\u00f3wek pytaj\u0105cych what, why etc.<\/p>\n

Pytania zamkni\u0119te<\/h3>\n

Pytania zamkni\u0119te to pytania na kt\u00f3re mo\u017cna odpowiedzie\u0107 tylko “tak” lub “nie”. Ten rodzaj pytaj w przypadku pyta\u0144 bezpo\u015brednich tworzymy przez inwersj\u0119 lub przy pomocy czasownika posi\u0142kowego do\/did. Natomiast w pytaniach po\u015brednich zachowujemy szyk zdania twierdz\u0105cego i dodajemy s\u0142owo if lub whether (bardzo formalnie).<\/p>\n

Have you seen this movie?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n

I wonder<\/u> i<\/span>f<\/span> you have seen this movie.<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/p>\n

Did you see him?<\/strong> (direct question)<\/div>\n
Can you tell me<\/u> if<\/span> you saw him?<\/strong> (indirect question)<\/div>\n
\n

\"ndirect<\/p>\n

Pytania po\u015brednie vs pytania bezpo\u015brednie: pytania z do\/did<\/h2>\n

Pytania otwarte z do\/did<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Czas<\/th>\nDirect questions<\/th>\nIndirect questions<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present simple<\/strong><\/td>\nWhat instrument does she play?<\/td>\nDo you know what instrument she plays?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past simple<\/strong><\/td>\nWhere did you go?<\/td>\nCan you tell me where you went?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Pytania zamkni\u0119te z do\/did<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Czas<\/th>\nDirect question<\/th>\nIndirect questions<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present simple<\/strong><\/td>\nDo you know him?<\/td>\nCould you tell me if you know him?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past simple<\/strong><\/td>\nDid you finish work?<\/td>\nI wonder if you finished work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\"pytania<\/p>\n

Pytania po\u015brednie vs pytania bezpo\u015brednie: pytania otwarte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Czas<\/strong><\/th>\nDirect question<\/strong><\/th>\nIndirect questions<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present simple czasownik \u201cto be\u201d<\/strong><\/td>\nWhere is Adam from?<\/td>\nDo you know where Adam is from?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present continuou<\/strong>s<\/a><\/td>\nWhen are you coming home?<\/td>\nI was wondering when you are coming home.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present perfect<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nWhat have you seen up until now?<\/td>\nI’m wondering what you have seen up until now.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present perfect continuous<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nHow long have you been waiting?<\/td>\nI’d love to know how long you have been waiting.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past simple czasownik \u201cto be\u201d<\/strong><\/td>\nWhy was he upset?<\/td>\nDo you have any idea why he was upset?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past continuous<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nWhat were you playing?<\/td>\nCould you tell me what you were playing?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past perfect<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nWhy had she left this company last month?<\/td>\nI’d like to know why she had left this company last month.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past perfect continuous<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nHow long had he been living there before he moved?<\/td>\nDo you know how long he had been living there before he moved?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future simple<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nWhen will you come home?<\/td>\nI was wondering when you will come home.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future continuous<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nHow far will you be traveling tomorrow?<\/td>\nCan you tell me how far you will be traveling tomorrow?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future perfect<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nWhen will we have finished work?<\/td>\nI’d love to know when we will have finished work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future perfect continuous<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nHow long will I have been waiting for him by eight?<\/td>\nDo you have any idea how long I will have been waiting for him by eight?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Czasowniki modalne<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\nWhat can you do?<\/td>\nCan I ask what you can do?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\"pytania<\/p>\n

Pytania po\u015brednie vs pytania bezpo\u015brednie: pytania zamkni\u0119te<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Czas<\/strong><\/th>\nDirect question<\/strong><\/th>\nIndirect questions<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Present simple czasownik \u201cto be\u201d<\/strong><\/td>\nAre you from the USA?<\/td>\nCan you tell me if you are from the USA?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present continuous<\/strong><\/td>\nIs she cleaning the house?<\/td>\nI’d like to know if she is cleaning the house.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present perfect<\/strong><\/td>\nHave you been to Paris?<\/td>\nI was wondering if you have been to Paris.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Present perfect continuous<\/strong><\/td>\nHave we been sitting here long?<\/td>\nDo you have any idea if we have been sitting here long?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past simple czasownik \u201cto be\u201d<\/strong><\/td>\nWere you late?<\/td>\nCan you tell me if you were late?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past continuous<\/strong><\/td>\nWas he running this morning?<\/td>\nI’d love to know if he was running this morning.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past perfect<\/strong><\/td>\nHad you been watching TV before you came here?<\/td>\nCan you tell me if you had been watching TV before you came here?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Past perfect continuous<\/strong><\/td>\nHad they been working here long before we came?<\/td>\nI was wondering if they had been working here long before we came.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future simple<\/strong><\/td>\nWill it rain on Sunday?<\/td>\nI wonder if it will rain on Sunday.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future continuous<\/strong><\/td>\nWill he be going to the movies on Friday?<\/td>\nDo you have any idea if he will be going to the movies on Friday?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future perfect<\/strong><\/td>\nWill we have made dinner before nine?<\/td>\nI’d like to know if we will have made dinner before nine.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Future perfect continuous<\/strong><\/td>\nWill we have been studying English for two years when we go to the USA?<\/td>\nCould you tell me if we will have been studying English for two years when we go to the USA?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Czasowniki modalne<\/strong><\/td>\nCan I come over?<\/td>\nI’d love to know if I can come over.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\"Rozpocznij<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Indirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie Indirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie to takie pytania, w kt\u00f3rych u\u017cywamy dodatkowych zwrot\u00f3w, aby nasze pytanie brzmia\u0142o bardziej uprzejmie. To oznacza, \u017ce najpierw u\u017cywamy kilku grzeczno\u015bciowych s\u0142\u00f3w, a dopiero potem przechodzimy do pytania w\u0142a\u015bciwego. Jak tworzymy indirect questions? Pytania po\u015brednie zaczynamy od frazy wprowadzaj\u0105cej i s\u0142owa pytaj\u0105cego, nast\u0119pnie wstawiamy podmiot […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":17312,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatyka"],"yoast_head":"\nIndirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie w angielskim | ELLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Indirect questions czyli pytania po\u015brednie w j\u0119zyku angielskim. Jak tworzymy pytania po\u015brednie? Jaka jest konstrukcja? 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