{"id":16949,"date":"2020-12-04T06:00:37","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T05:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/?p=16949"},"modified":"2023-10-25T12:05:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-25T10:05:09","slug":"say-vs-tell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ellalanguage.com\/blog\/say-vs-tell\/","title":{"rendered":"SAY vs TELL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Say vs tell: wst\u0119p<\/h1>\n

Say oraz tell to czasowniki nieregularne, kt\u00f3re oznaczaj\u0105 “powiedzie\u0107”. Jednak zwykle nie u\u017cywamy ich zamiennie, bo maj\u0105 nieco inne zastosowanie. Say u\u017cywamy, aby powiedzie\u0107, \u017ce co\u015b zosta\u0142o lub zostanie powiedziane. Natomiast tell u\u017cyjemy aby powiedzie\u0107, \u017ce kto\u015b co\u015b komu\u015b powiedzia\u0142 lub powie.<\/p>\n

say<\/b><\/span> – powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b<\/div>\n

tell<\/b><\/span> – powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b komu\u015b<\/p>\n

\n
Czasowniki nieregularne<\/h5>\n

Say oraz tell to czasowniki nieregularnie tworz\u0105ce formy czasu przesz\u0142ego, czyli nie \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ce si\u0119 z ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0105 -ed.<\/p>\n

say – said – said<\/b><\/div>\n

tell – told – told<\/b><\/p>\n

Poznaj wi\u0119cej czasownik\u00f3w nieregularnych z wpisu czasowniki nieregularne w j\u0119zyku angielskim<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Jak stosowa\u0107 say, a jak tell?<\/h2>\n

Zwykle w zdaniach z say nie zaznaczamy do kogo m\u00f3wimy. Natomiast po tell stawiamy osob\u0119 do kt\u00f3rej skierowane jest dane zdanie.<\/p>\n

say + to, co zosta\u0142o powiedziane<\/h5>\n
He said<\/span> that he\u2019s very happy.<\/b><\/div>\n

Powiedzia\u0142, \u017ce jest bardzo szcz\u0119\u015bliwy.<\/p>\n

tell + osoba + to, co zosta\u0142o powiedziane<\/h5>\n
He told<\/span> her that he\u2019s very happy.<\/b><\/div>\n

Powiedzia\u0142 jej, \u017ce jest bardzo szcz\u0119\u015bliwy.<\/p>\n

W przypadku, gdy chcemy u\u017cy\u0107 say, aby powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b do kogo\u015b<\/b>, wtedy musimy wstawi\u0107 to<\/i> przed osob\u0119.<\/p>\n

say + to + osoba<\/h5>\n
He said<\/span> to her that he\u2019s very happy.<\/b><\/div>\n
Powiedzia\u0142 jej, \u017ce jest bardzo szcz\u0119\u015bliwy.<\/div>\n

(dos\u0142. powiedzia\u0142 do niej)<\/p>\n

\n
Zaimek osobowy w dope\u0142nieniu<\/h5>\n

W miejsce “osoby” po s\u0142owie tell (a tak\u017ce w konstrukcji say + to + osoba) stawiamy imi\u0119 danej osoby lub zaimek osobowy w dope\u0142nieniu (object pronoun)<\/b><\/a>. Zaimek osobowy w dope\u0142nieniu, jak sama nazwa m\u00f3wi spe\u0142nia rol\u0119 dope\u0142nienia zdania – nie mo\u017ce by\u0107 podmiotem zdania tak jak zaimek osobowy (subject pronoun)<\/b>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Subject pronoun<\/th>\nObject pronoun<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I<\/b><\/td>\nme<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
you<\/b><\/td>\nyou<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
he<\/b><\/td>\nhim<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
she<\/b><\/td>\nher<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
it<\/b><\/td>\nit<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
we<\/b><\/td>\nus<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
you<\/b><\/td>\nyou<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
they<\/b><\/td>\nthem<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Jak rozpozna\u0107 kiedy zastosowa\u0107 subject pronoun, a kiedy object pronoun?<\/h5>\n

Podmiot zdania odpowiada na pytanie kto? co?, natomiast dope\u0142nienie w przypadku zda\u0144 z tell \/ say odpowiada na pytanie komu? czemu? (dope\u0142nienie mo\u017ce te\u017c odpowiada\u0107 na pytania: kogo? czego? z kim? z czym? o kim? o czym?).<\/p>\n

(Who?) She told<\/b> (Whom?) me<\/b>.<\/div>\n

(Kto?) Ona powiedzia\u0142a<\/span> (Komu?) mnie.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Who?) He said to<\/b> (Whom?) her.<\/b><\/div>\n

(Kto?) On powiedzia\u0142<\/span> (Komu?) jej<\/span>.
\n(LUB: On powiedzia\u0142 do<\/span> (Kogo?) niej.<\/span>)<\/p>\n

Warto jest te\u017c zapami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce subject pronoun wyst\u0119puje przed<\/b> czasownikiem, a object pronoun stoi po<\/b> czasowniku.<\/p>\n

subject pronoun<\/span> + czasownik<\/span> + object pronoun<\/span><\/h5>\n
She<\/span> told<\/span><\/span> me<\/span>.<\/b><\/div>\n
Her told me.<\/div>\n
She told I.<\/div>\n

Her told I.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

say + to, co zosta\u0142o powiedziane + to + osoba<\/h5>\n
I can\u2019t believe he said<\/span> this to me.<\/b><\/div>\n
Nie mog\u0119 uwierzy\u0107, \u017ce mi to powiedzia\u0142.<\/div>\n

(dos\u0142. Nie mog\u0119 uwierzy\u0107, \u017ce on powiedzia\u0142 to do mnie.)<\/p>\n

\n
Uwaga!<\/h5>\n

Pami\u0119tajmy, \u017ce tell nie \u0142\u0105czymy z to.<\/p>\n

He told to her that he\u2019s very happy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Skoro wiesz ju\u017c jak odr\u00f3\u017cni\u0107 czasowniki zwi\u0105zane z m\u00f3wieniem, sprawd\u017a te\u017c r\u00f3\u017cnice mi\u0119dzy czasownikami zwi\u0105zanymi ze s\u0142yszeniem – listen i hear<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\n

\"say<\/p>\n

Say vs tell: mowa niezale\u017cna<\/h2>\n

Mowa niezale\u017cna lub wypowied\u017a bezpo\u015brednia (direct speech)<\/b> to dos\u0142owne przekazanie tego, co zosta\u0142o powiedziane. W mowie niezale\u017cnej mo\u017cemy stosowa\u0107 say zar\u00f3wno w zdaniach oznajmuj\u0105cych, jak i w pytaniach, natomiast tell wykorzystamy tylko przy podawaniu instrukcji lub informacji.<\/p>\n

She said<\/span>, \u201cCan I open the window?\u201d<\/strong><\/div>\n

Ona powiedzia\u0142a “Czy mog\u0119 otworzy\u0107 okno?”<\/p>\n

She told<\/span> him, \u201cClose the window.\u201d<\/strong><\/div>\n

Ona powiedzia\u0142a mu “Zamknij okno.”<\/p>\n

Say vs tell: mowa zale\u017cna<\/h2>\n

Mow\u0119 zale\u017cn\u0105 (reported speech)<\/b><\/a> stosujemy do przekazania tego, co zosta\u0142o powiedziane, ale bez cytowania tej wypowiedzi bezpo\u015brednio. W mowie zale\u017cnej mo\u017cemy zastosowa\u0107 zar\u00f3wno tell, jak i say. Ale nie u\u017cyjemy ani say, ani tell do przekazanie pytania w mowie zale\u017cnej – zastosujemy wtedy czasownik ask.<\/p>\n

I\u2019m going to see a play.<\/b><\/div>\n
Id\u0119 na spektakl.<\/div>\n

(wypowied\u017a bezpo\u015brednia)<\/p>\n

He said<\/span> that he was going to see a play.<\/b><\/div>\n
Powiedzia\u0142, \u017ce idzie na spektakl.<\/div>\n

(przekazanie wypowiedzi bezpo\u015bredniej przy u\u017cyciu czasownika say)<\/p>\n

He told<\/span> me that he was going to see a play.<\/b><\/div>\n
Powiedzia\u0142 mi, \u017ce idzie na spektakl.<\/div>\n

(przekazanie wypowiedzi bezpo\u015bredniej przy u\u017cyciu czasownika tell)<\/p>\n

Are you going to see a play with me?<\/b><\/div>\n
Czy p\u00f3jdziesz ze mn\u0105 na spektakl?<\/div>\n

(pytanie zadane w mowie bezpo\u015bredniej)<\/p>\n

He asked<\/span> me if I was going to see a play with him.<\/b><\/div>\n
Zapyta\u0142 mnie czy p\u00f3jd\u0119 z nim na spektakl.<\/div>\n

(pytanie przekszta\u0142cone na mow\u0119 zale\u017cn\u0105)<\/p>\n

\n

\"say<\/p>\n

Tell w zdaniach<\/h2>\n

Oto w jakich konstrukcjach mo\u017cna wykorzysta\u0107 tell (nie zapominajmy, \u017ce tell \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z osob\u0105).<\/p>\n

tell + osoba + to + rozkaz \/ porada<\/h5>\n

Tell mo\u017cemy wykorzysta\u0107, aby przekaza\u0107 rozkaz lub porad\u0119.<\/p>\n

Tell<\/span> her to bring a jacket.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Powiedz jej, \u017ceby zabra\u0142\u0105 kurtk\u0119.<\/p>\n

Adam told<\/span> me to shut up.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Adam powiedzia\u0142, \u017cebym si\u0119 zamkn\u0105\u0142\/\u0119\u0142a.<\/p>\n

tell + osoba + s\u0142\u00f3wko pytaj\u0105ce<\/h5>\n

Mo\u017cemy utworzy\u0107 zdanie z tell z u\u017cyciem s\u0142\u00f3wek pytaj\u0105cych what, when etc.<\/p>\n

She didn\u2019t tell<\/span> me where we are meeting.<\/strong><\/div>\n

Ona nie powiedzia\u0142a mi gdzie si\u0119 spotykamy.<\/p>\n

tell + osoba + about + reszta zdania<\/h5>\n

Mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 tell, aby powiedzie\u0107 komu\u015b o czym\u015b. W tego typu zdaniach tell about<\/i> opisuje rzeczownik.<\/p>\n

Can you tell<\/span> me more about these new rules?<\/strong><\/div>\n

Czy mo\u017cesz mi opowiedzie\u0107 wi\u0119cej o tych nowych zasadach?<\/p>\n

Wyra\u017cenia z tell<\/h3>\n

Istnieje kilka wyra\u017ce\u0144 z tell w kt\u00f3rych nie stawiamy osoby po tell.<\/p>\n

tell the difference <\/b>– dostrzega\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0119<\/div>\n
tell the future <\/b>– przepowiada\u0107 przysz\u0142o\u015b\u0107<\/div>\n
tell a joke <\/b>– opowiedzie\u0107 kawa\u0142<\/div>\n
tell a lie <\/b>– sk\u0142ama\u0107<\/div>\n
tell a story <\/b>– opowiedzie\u0107 histori\u0119<\/div>\n
tell time (AmE) <\/b>– zna\u0107 si\u0119 na zegarku<\/div>\n
tell the time (BrE) <\/b>– zna\u0107 si\u0119 na zegarku<\/div>\n

tell the truth <\/b>– powiedzie\u0107 prawd\u0119<\/p>\n

Wyra\u017cenia z say<\/h3>\n

Oto charakterystyczne wyra\u017cenia z say.<\/p>\n

have something to say <\/b>– mie\u0107 co\u015b do powiedzenia<\/div>\n
let’s say… <\/b>– powiedzmy, \u017ce\u2026<\/div>\n
say hello <\/b>– przywitaj si\u0119<\/div>\n
say sorry <\/b>– przepro\u015b<\/div>\n
say yes\/ say no <\/b>– zg\u00f3d\u017a si\u0119 \/ nie zg\u00f3d\u017a si\u0119<\/div>\n
say your prayers <\/b>– modli\u0107 si\u0119<\/div>\n

say-so <\/b>– upowa\u017cnienie, autoryzacja<\/p>\n

Sprawd\u017a te\u017c czym r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 od siebie inne podobne s\u0142owa w j\u0119zyku angielskim – home i house<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"Rozpocznij<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Say vs tell: wst\u0119p Say oraz tell to czasowniki nieregularne, kt\u00f3re oznaczaj\u0105 “powiedzie\u0107”. Jednak zwykle nie u\u017cywamy ich zamiennie, bo maj\u0105 nieco inne zastosowanie. Say u\u017cywamy, aby powiedzie\u0107, \u017ce co\u015b zosta\u0142o lub zostanie powiedziane. Natomiast tell u\u017cyjemy aby powiedzie\u0107, \u017ce kto\u015b co\u015b komu\u015b powiedzia\u0142 lub powie. say – powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b tell – powiedzie\u0107 co\u015b komu\u015b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":17294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slownictwo"],"yoast_head":"\nSAY vs TELL - jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica? | zastosowanie, przyk\u0142ady | ELLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Say czy tell? Kiedy u\u017cyjemy czasownika say, a kiedy zastosujemy czasownik tell? Konstrukcje, zwroty. Jak je rozr\u00f3\u017cni\u0107? 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